The information that can be inferred from the grave-finds, on the other hand, though limited due to the fact that most of them were unearthed during the nineteenth century, has been enhanced by current work on the antiquarian sources relevant to them5 as well as by several recent discoveries of burials.6 Much the same limitation applies to the single-finds of weapons and other objects of Scandinavian workmanship. John Sheehan There are several bodies of archaeological evidence that may be used, alongside historical, literary and other sources, to elucidate and interpret the nature of the Scandinavian and Hiberno-Scandinavian impact and settlement in Ireland during the ninth and tenth centuries.1 These comprise, first and foremost, the results of the excavations of the Hiberno-Scandinavian towns, most notably those at Dublin and Waterford,2 as well as the evidence of associated rural settlements in the hinterlands of these and other towns.3 The large number of silver hoards on record represents the second body of evidence,4 and this is of primary importance in understanding both the nature of Scandinavian activity in Ireland and the economic and social relationships that existed between the Irish and the Scandinavians. This meant that the Danes now controlled Dublin and Linn Duachaill in Co. The Dublin longphort was apparently established at the tidal pool in the. Louth, alongside the River Glyde It would appear that by 851 A.D., the Norse Vikings were defeated by the Danish Vikings and forced back to safer locations both south and southwest in Limerick. The information that can be inferred from the grave-finds, on the other hand, though limited due to the fact that most of them were unearthed during the nineteenth century, has been enhanced by current work on the antiquarian sources relevant to them5 as well as by several recent discoveries of burials.6 Much the same limitation applies to the single-finds of weapons and other objects of Scandinavian workmanship.7 The only focus of research to have taken Ivar the Boneless, real name Ivar Ragnarsson, was a Danish Viking chieftain. ![]() THE LONGPHORT IN VIKING AGE IRELAND THE LONGPHORT IN VIKING AGE IRELAND
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